Final Study Guide Part 1

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Art 168- Photography A Cultural History – Final Study Guide Part 1

1.)                    Who is the first in recorded history to mention the simple principles behind the concept of camera obscura?

a.)  Mo Ti  b.) Aristotle c.) Alhazen d.) Shen Kuo

2.)                    Who creates the first permanent image using camera obscura?

                  a.) Alhazen   b.) Niepce c.) Daguerre  d.) Bacon

3.)                    What is the Title of the first permanent image using the camera obscura?

                  a.) The Open Door   b.) Self Portrait of a Drowned Man c.) Still Life d.) View from the Window at La Gras

4.)                    William Henry Fox Talbot had conceived fixing light – induced images as early as 1833, and had also worked at creating light sensitive paper and “fixing” the image by introducing what compound to stop the action of light?

a.)  Silver nitrate b.) Sodium chloride c.) Potassium iodide d.) Both b and c

5.)                    There was much controversy over Daguerre’s image making process after Arago’s first statement to the French Academy of Science on January 7, 1839 and many claims that this process had indeed been discovered by others prior to the announcement. Which person, according to our text, has a viable claim?

                  a.) Herchel   b.) Niepce  c.) Bayard d.) Talbot 

6.)                    With the patenting of both the Cyanotype, the Calotype and the Daguerreotype processes the transformation of photography from invention into a commodity with commercial promise had begun. Marrying the idea of Art and Science and resulting in the term “art-science”.  One of these artists used this most effectively to produce Cyanotypes of British and Foreign Ferns in 1854. Who was that?

                  a.) George Shadbolt   b.) John William Draper  c.) Leon Foucault 

                  d.) Anna Atkins 

7.)             The Calotype was the basis for _________________________.

                  a.) Modern photographic reproduction

                  b.) Turning negative images into positive images.

                  c.) Talbot to patent his processes.

                  d.) All of the above

8.)             Julia Margaret Cameron is most known for_________________________.

                  a.) Her slightly blurred focus

                  b.) Turning negative images into positive images.

                  c.) Photographing well known Victorian cultural figures

                  d.) a and c

9.)             The Valley of the Shadow of Death by Roger Fenton 1855 is an example of?

 a.) War  b.) Fantasy  c.) Documentation d.) a and c

10.)          Many women were employed as colorists, egg separators, laboratory assistants, print  cutters and print mounters in photography studios because “that is a field exactly suited to even the conventional notions of women’s capacity…”  a.)True b.) False

11.)          Who was one of the fist Latin American war photographers?

                 a.) Juan Garcia  b.) Estaban Garcia  c.) Felice Guerterez  d.) Pablo Sanchez

12.)          Not the first to photograph Yosemite Valley but was the best known and most influential for the time was_________.

                 a.) Timothy O’Sullivan  b.) Carleton E. Watkins  c.) Eadweard Muybridge d.) William Henry Jackson

13.)          The Tonnesen Sisters were best known for their work in what kind of photography?

                 a.) portraits  b.) advertising  c.) activism  d.) war

14.)          The invention of Dry Plates made photography faster and easier.

                 a.) True  b.) False

15.)          In 1839, exposures could take several minutes; by the end of the nineteenth century exposure time was reduced to________.

                 a.) 1/100^th of a second b.) 1/500^th of a second  c.)  1/5,000^th of a second

16.)            Rotogravure is a printing process that allowed photographs and text to be intermingled.  a.) a.) True  b) False

17.)

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy (1895-1946) claimed that photography’s chief characteristic was light, and that artists should experiment with patterns of light and shade was best known for 

a.) his work at Bauhaus  b.) the photogram  c.) being a painter and sculptor 

d.) All of the above

18.)

Who was the leading proponent of Faktura: the idea that an artist should discover a medium’s distinctive capabilities by experimenting with its inherent qualities.

a.) Aleksandr Rodchenko  b.) Martin Munkacsi  c.) Gustav Klutsis  d.) Erich Salomon

19.)

The Dada manifesto of 1918 written by Tristan Tzara would not include this artist:

a.) Ansel Adams  b.) Christian Shad  c.) Hannah Hoch  d.) Raol Hausmann

20.)

Andre Breton’s Surrealist Manifesto published on October 15, 1924 announced the primacy of the irrational and the belief in a truth beyond Realism.  Which of these is not considered a Surrealist artists?

a.) Man Ray  b.) Brassai  c.) Claude Cahun  d.) Andre Kertesz d.) August Sander

21.)

The members of Group f.64 dismissed Pictorialism, despite the fact that several of its members had practiced it, and urged the exploration of camera vision.  Which of photographers were members;

a.) Imogen Cunningham b.) Willard Van Dyke  c.) Ansel Adams d.) Edward Weston  e.) all of the above

22.)

Who produced the photograph Migrant Mother that became the national icon of the Depression?

a.) Dorthea Lange  b.) Walker Evans  c.) Paul Strand, d.)Alfred Stieglitz

23.)

The "Family of Man" exhibition was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and expressed unity among the world's people that went beyond political differences, and it phrased nuclear war as the greatest threat to global understanding. Who curated this show?

A) Robert Capa

B) Henri Cartier-Bresson

C) Edward Steichen

D) John G. Morris

24.)

The "Family of Man" exhibition set up an overall dynamic programming of ideas and emotions to the exhibit spaces. Barbara Morgan, photographer,  thought the show so original that it needed a new term, "photographic mosaic".

a.) True  b) False

25.)

Cuban photographer Albert Diaz also popularly known as _____________ , photographed Ernesto "Che" Guevara (1928-1967)

A) Dia

B) Korda

C) Al "Che"

D) All of the above

26.)

Nacho Lopéz and Héctor Garcia were both photographers depicting everyday life in Mexico, either city or country life.

a.) True  b) False

27.)

Nacho López, Héctor Garcia, and Graciela Iturbide all studied with photographer Manuel Álvarez Bravo who would say that Surrealism was a minimal influence on his work but more importantly it was his friend ship with _________________ that allowed him to view Edward Weston's photographs.

A) Henri Cartier-Bresson

B) Tina Modotti

C) Diego Rivera

D) José Clemente Orozco

28.)         Peter Magubane, in order to make photographs of the 1956 trial of some apartheid protesters hid his camera in what so he could secretly photograph people as they arrived.

A) A Bag

B) A loaf of Bread

C) A hat

D) A coat

29.)         Shomei Tomatsu's work was in the for front of the trend in postwar Japan toward subjective documentary, in which the presence and worldview of the photographer fuse with the subject matter.

a.) True  b) False

30.)         Abstraction and Surrealism in photography has many roots. Aaron Siskind an active member of the Photo League started photographing abstract qualities in nature and the built environment in the 1940's. Lotte Jacobi created "photogenics" in the 1950's. Jerry Uelsmann created illusionistic images in the 1960-70's. A.) True

B.) False

31.)         Who did Jerry Uelsmann study with that taught him the fine points of printing?

A) Minor White

B) Robert Frank

C) Tom Englehardt

32.)            The term snapshot aesthetic refers to a trend within fine art photography in the USA from around 1963. The style typically features apparently banal everyday subject matter and off-centered framing.

Which of the photographers fit this description?

A.) Harry Callahan

B.) Robert Frank

C.) Arthur Fellig (Weegee)

D.) Roy DeCarava

E.) All of the above

33.)         Among the new social landscape image-makers were Garry Winogrand and Lee Friedlander in the 1960's.

A.) True

B.) False

34.)         Diane Arbus was a student of Lisette Model and her photographs of marginal people were symbols of her own psychological fragility and trauma.

A.) True

B.) False

35.)         Which photographer railed against color film saying "there are four simple words which must be whispered: color photography is vulgar"?

A.) Edward Weston

B.) Walker Evans

C.) Deborah Turbeville

D.) Bert Stern

36.)            German photographers Bernd and Hilla Becher are famous for photographing what subject repeatedly?

      A.) Factories

      B.) Gas Towers

      C.) Water Towers

D.) All of the above

37.)            William Wegman became famous for the numerous photographs he took of Man Ray.

               A.) Man Ray the man

               B.) Man Ray the dog

               C.) both A and B

38.)            John Szarkowski, the former director of the Photography Department at New York’s Museum of Modern Art had the nickname “the czar” because of his ground-breaking exhibitions.

               A.) True  B.) False

39.)             Robert Frank is known for his book of photographs called

               A.) The Americans

               B.) The Venetians

               C.) The Badlands

               D.) The Homeless

40.)            Lucas Samaras took Polaroid pictures and manipulated the emulsion with his fingers or mechanical aids

A.) True

B.) False